According to Almeida (2006), the breast cancer is the illness more feared by the women due its significant gravity, evolution and mutilation that cause alterations in the auto-image of the patient. In Brazil the breast cancer is most frequent in incidence and mortality in the feminine sex, presenting ascending curve from the twenty and five years of age and concentrating the majority of the cases between the forty and five years and cinquenta years of age, what it approximately represents 20% of the total of diagnosised cases and 15% on average the deaths for cancer, being more common in women of raised social classroom and between that they live in the great cities of what in that they live in the field (health department 2001). In accordance with Andolhe, Guido and Bianchi (2009), the statistical data disclose that the illnesses of breast, in such a way benign how much malignant they are preoccupying causes of feminine morbimortalidade and this growth can be resulted of partner-demographic changes and the accessibility to health services, in view of that for being a serious problem of public health, in recent years, it has received specific attention for the competent authorities. From the moment that the cancer is detected, this assumes great ratios related with hopelessness, anxiety, pain and anteviso of a slow and suffered death that, second Young chicken, corra and grandson (2009), affect, considerably, the quality of life and the perspectives of treatment with a more positive edge of cure and/or prolongation of the life. When displaying on the happened psicossociais aspects of the breast cancer, Jeneral Hisses, and Duarte (2008) explains that the trauma caused for the illness and the submission the mastectomia, makes with that the woman presents disequilibrium in its biopsicossocial behavior and spiritual, with rejection elements, mutilation, affected sexuality, depression, melancholy, solitude, retraction, hopelessness and revolt that finish limiting the daily activities a time that the breast is a synonymous one of sexuality and maternity.
For Young chicken, corra and grandson (2009), the psychological aspects can influence in the quality of life of the patient, that they reflect on its state of health, suggesting alterations of the imunolgico system and hormonais modifications. Being one of the treatments of breast cancer, the mastectomia is an aggressive surgical procedure that brings traumatizantes consequncias in the experiences of life and health of the woman, since the breast since the adolescence is a marcante component of the feminilidade, representing part of the corporal, sexual image and for fulfilling the breast-feeding function (Barreto, 2005). According to Camargo and Souza (2003), the surgical processes of the mastectomia involve four types of surgery: the first one consists of the removal of the tumor and the fabric mammary circumjacent to the tumor, being able to occur removal of the nodule or a quadrant of the breast. In as in case that it has the removal of all the breast, but not removed muscles or linfonodos, in 25% of the cases. In the third case, it is become fullfilled removal of the breast and linfonodos also axillary that characterizes the total mastectomia. in the room in case that it is the radical mastectomia, with the withdrawal of the breast, linfonodos of the axillary region and the pectoral muscles. However, in accordance with Camargo and Souza (2003), ace patient that carry through the total and radical mastectomia, has the possibility of mammary reconstruction..